Retta McCabe, 4-Year-Old Murderess & Serial Child-Torturer – New York, 1897

FULL TEXT: Troy, Oct. 21.- The extraordinary case of Retta McCabe, a beautiful blue-eyed, golden-haired child of four years, who has pronounced suicidal and homicidal tendencies, has puzzled the medical fraternity of Troy and vicinity.

The child is a female Jekyll and Hyde. From a pretty, smiling child with laughing eyes and dancing dimples she is transformed in an instant into an uncontrollable little demon. An amazing look of demonical malevolence creeps into her straining orbs, her mouth grows tense and white, her little forehead corrugates itself into a mass of ugly wrinkles and her face is thrust forward with a most repulsive leer. Her clinched hands impotently beat the air and her entire manner resembles that of a wild beast about to spring upon its prey.

While in this mood she fatally injured her infant brother several weeks ago. She seized the helpless babe and hurled it to the floor with stunning force. Then this wicked little creature sprang upon the babe and beat it with all her might. The infant died a week later. And when Retta heard that her baby brother was asleep to wake no more she chuckled.

Yesterday afternoon this strange child was found at the Union Station, many blocks from her home. She insisted upon sitting upon the railroad tracks in front of approaching trains. Passengers waiting in the station saw her peril and several women nearly fainted. The child was dragged from the track. She screamed, bit and fought. The policeman who held her in his arms had to put her down more than once for fear she would seriously disfigure his face.

At the Second Precinct Station-House it was found necessary to place the child in a cell. Behind the massive iron bars she raved and tore madly at her beautiful blond locks.

In a short time the paroxysm of rage passed away and she became a sunny little creature, although, it must be confessed, rather dirty and dishevelled. But her blue eyes beamed with good-nature, a sweet smile curved, her red lips and she was a cooing, joyous creature. A brawny policeman started to take her to the headquarters of the Humane Society, on Fourth street. No sooner was she in the street again than she burst into another violent passion. Whenever she saw a burnt match-stick lying on the sidewalk she darted toward it with strange eagerness. When she reached the society her little hands were full of match-sticks.

She had not been in the custody of the society very long before she manifested remarkable acrobatic abilities. She climbed upon a chair and threw herself to the floor, alighting upon her hands. She turned handsprings all about the floor with amazing rapidity and skill. Her performances astonished the matron and other officials of the society. They could not understand her. She was the greatest freak of a child that had ever come to their notice.

When the child regained her feet after turning a second series of flip-flaps she ran against a door with a force that knocked her down. When the matron went to the child’s assistance and tried to quiet her little Retta turned upon the well-meaning woman and bit her arm savagely. The child broke away from the matron’s grasp and rushed at several children who stood near by and who were too astonished to move. Had not the matron seized the McCabe girl it is almost certain that the children would have suffered injury.

To-day the McCabe child was taken to her home, at Madison and Fifth avenues, in the southern portion of the city. It is not likely that her parents will be able to keep her as she has terrorized all the children in that locality.

One of little Retta’s favorite amusements is to catch children of her own age and stuff buttons and beans into their ears and nostrils.

What to do with the child is a difficult problem for the Humane Society, as Retta is too young to be sent to the Syracuse Institution for Feeble-Minded Children. No children younger than seven years are received there.

[“Child Jekyll And Hyde. – Beautiful Little Retta McCabe Is an Uncontrollabe Demon at Times. – Murdered Her Baby Brother – Possessed with a Suicidal Mania, She Sat Down Before a Railroad Train. – Kicks, Bites and Scratches. – She Stuffs Beans Into children’s Noses and Ears – A strange, Wild, Acrobatic Monster.” The World (New York, N. Y.), Oct. 25, 1897, p. 9]

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Anna Peters, 9-Year-Old Murderess - Virginia, 1902

FULL TEXT: Staunton, Va., Oct 24. – Anna Peters, a negro girl about nine years old was before Magistrate N. L. Wehn this morning charged with killing her infant sister on Monday last and was sent to the house or correction, she being too young to be held for the grand jury.

It seems that the baby who was not more than a year old was crying. Anna did not like the noise and she threw the child down the steps two or three times times and not being satisfied with this she took a bed slat and struck the little tot over the head killing it almost instantly.

The baby was buried the same night near the home or Susan Dudley a sister of the girl's mother where they had all been staying. Yesterday the jailer Magistrate Wehn and Dr. J. Catlett exhumed exhumed the body and brought the guilty parties before the magistrate.

[“Killed Infant Sister To Silence Her Cries – Anna Peters, Nine-Year-Old Negress Throws Baby Down Steps Several Times to Hush Its Wails Wails.” The Evening Times (Washington, D. C.), Oct. 24, 1902, p. 4]

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Minnie Demorse, 18-Year-Old Murderess and Serial Arsonist (Would-Be Mass Murderess) – Michigan, 1887

Note: some sources spell the name as “Demore.”

FULL TEXT: Manistee, Mich., October 13. – This place is terribly excited over disclosures made public to-day by the authorities, the facts for some reason having been suppressed. The family of James Henderson are well-known and respected people. There have been whisperings for some time past about the singular conduct of Miss Minnie Demorse, the adopted daughter of the Hendersons, but on account of the prominence of the family actions which in others would excite attention have been passed by with only a shrug of the shoulders. A mild sensation was caused last Tuesday by the arrest of Miss Demorse on the ostensible charge of larceny.

The real sensation did not come to light until to-day, when it was stated that she was charged with cruelty not much less than that of Jesse Pomeroy. It is asserted that she tortured the infant child of Mr. Henderson because she did not want to wait upon it, and she has confessed to smothering the baby because it cried when she tortured it. She has also confessed to setting the house on fire five different times lately in the hopes of burning up the family. To this end not long ago she poisoned the cow, thinking the milk would kill the family before the cow died, and thus two birds would be slain, for she says she hated the bovine. Miss Demorse 18 years old, and was adopted 13 years ago.

[“A Female Fiend. – An Adopted Daughter Who Seems to Have Been Totally Depraved.” Punxsutawney Spirit (Pa.), Oct. 19, 1887, p. 1]

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Adeline Hamilton, 14-Year-Old Murderess – Delaware, 1883

FULL TEXT: Adeline Hamilton, a colored girl aged fourteen years, was arrested and locked up at Wilmington, Del., yesterday morning, on the charge of deliberately burning the feet of Solomon Adams, a colored baby about a year old. The injuries inflicted by the colored girl resulted in the child’s death. The burning took place about two weeks ago, during the absence of the child’s mother, when the girl was left in charge of the infant. The baby becoming cross and fretful, the girl held its bare feet against a red hot stove, burning the flesh to a cinder clear to the bone. Mortification set in, and the child died Saturday. A warrant was obtained for the fiendish girl’s arrest and she was taken into custody this morning, and will be given a hearing this evening. It is thought that the girl is slightly demented.

[“A Nurse Girl’s Barbarity. – She Holds an Infant’s Bare Feet Against a Red Hot Stove.” Harrisburg Independent (Pa.), Feb. 12, 1883, p. 1]

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Ziapasa Daughter, 3-Year-Old Murderess – West Virginia, 1906

FULL TEXT: Wheeling W. Va., April 11. – The youngest murderess in the history of this state is the 3-year-old daughter of Michael Ziapasa, of Benwood, who so badly wounded a 2-months-old baby of a neighbor, Edward Schepech, that it died.

In the absence of the baby’s mother, the Ziapasa child attacked it with a butcher knife, cutting off its nose, stabbing it in the breast in many places and almost severing its arm.

[“Baby Murders Baby – Three-Year-Old Cuts Infant to Pieces With Butcher Knife.” Daily Press (Newport News, Va.), Apr. 12, 1906, p. 1]

Note: The spelling “Schepoch” is given in a different source. [“Baby Kills Baby – Three-Year-Old Girl Hacked and Stabbed Infant with Butcher Knife.” The Charlotte News (N. C.), Apr. 13, 1906, p. 3]

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Valentine Dilly, 8-Year-Old Murderess – 1900, France

FULL TEXT: Lille, France, Dec. 3. – A great sensation has been caused at Armentieres, a town nine miles north of here, by an awful crime committed by one child eight years old upon another of two years. Valentine Dilly, daughter of a poverty-stricken peasant, saw a baby girl in the street with a piece of cake in hand. She tried to take it away.  The baby resisted, so the Dilly girl dragged the little tot into the house, put her in a trunk and then stabbed her a dozen times with a shoemaker’s knife, making fearful wounds in her stomach.

[“A Fiendish Child.” The Portsmouth Herald (N. H.), Dec. 4, 1900, p. 1]

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Sharon Carr, 12-Year-Old Sadistic Murderess – England, 1992

Sharon Carr tortured and killed animals. At the age of 12, she murdered one girl (1992); at the age of 14, stabbed another (1994) and attempted to strangled two nurses (ca 1994); and, at the age of 30, expressed a desire to murder another girl in prison (ca 2020).

On Jun 7, 1992, in Camberlry, Surrey, England, 12-year-old Sharon Louis Carr stabbed an 18-year-old girl named Katie Ratcliff 32 (some accounts state 29) times, killing her. Carr’s diary revealed a sexual aspect to the murder. Carr mutilated her victim’s genitals.

The diary included entries such as this:

• “If only I could kill you again, I promise I’d make you suffer more this time. … Your terrified screams turn me on.”

• “I am a killer. Killing is my business - and business is good.”

• “I was born to be a murderer. Killing for me is a mass turn-on and it just makes me so high I never want to come down. Every night I see the Devil in my dreams - sometimes even in my mirror, but I realise it was just me.”

• “I bring the knife into her chest. Her eyes are closing. She is pleading with me so I bring the knife to her again and again. I don’t want to hurt her but I need to do violence to her • “I need to overcome her beauty, her serenity, her security. There I see her face when she died. I know she feels her life being slowly drawn from her and I hear her gasp. I guess she was trying to breathe. The air stops in the back of her throat. I know all her life her breathing has worked, but it does not now. And I am joyful.”

• "The air stops in the back of her throat. I know all her life her breathing has worked, but it does not now. And I am joyful".

While in prison Carr attacked other prisoners and staff on multiple occasions.

On March 25, 1997, Carr was sentenced to life imprisonment. On December 10, 2003, the sentence was reduced to 12 years. In 2020, Carr requested a change of status but the request was denied. She is seen as a danger to the public and continues to be incarcerated.

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Sharon Carr is frequently and incorrectly, called Britain’s youngest female killer, or “the youngest female murderer to be sentenced in the United Kingdom.” Mary Maher, of Dunkitt, County Kilkenny, Ireland (ten in UK), was 11 when she committed 3 murders, attempted another, and committed suicide in 1906. Mary Bell was 11, almost 12, when she committed two murders at Scotswood, England in 1968.

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CHRONOLOGY

Dec. 21, 1979 – Sharon Louise Carr born, British Honduras (now Belize). She would often be on the receiving end of her mother’s violence, once being punished by having pepper poured on her genitals.

1990 (ca) – At age of 11, Carr a neighbor's dog with a spade, and there was also a "suggestion" from a friend that she had fried live hamsters.

Jun. 7, 1992 – Sharon Louise Carr (12) stabs an 18-year-old girl named Katie Ratcliff 32 (29?) times, killing her, Camberlry, Surrey, England

Jun. 1994 – Carr attacked a pupil called Ann-Marie Clifford with a knife, for no apparent reason, at Collingwood College Comprehensive in Camberley, Surrey.

1994/5? – While she was in a young offender's institute for the second knife attack, she tried to strangle two nurses and started bragging about killing Katie.

Jan. 1996 – Carr, who was already locked up for stabbing a 13-year-old girl at school - told a warder she had murdered Katie Rackliff.

1996? – Carr charged with Ratcliff murder.

Mar. 25, 1997 – Carr was sentenced to life imprisonment. After 4-week trial. Winchester Crown Court.

1999 – Her tariff was reduced to 14 years.

Oct. 17, 2003 – decision on reduced sentence reviewed on by the Lord Chief Justice, who ruled that it should remain at 14 years.

Jun. 16, 1998 – Carr sectioned under the Mental Health Act 1983 and transferred to Broadmoor Hospital where she was assessed as suffering from schizoaffective disorder. She remained there until it changed from being a mixed-sex hospital to male-only, when she was moved to a different secure hospital in London, Broadmoor.

Jun. 10, 2001 – Sharon Carr (21) engaged to marry Robbie “Robbie” Layne (ca 24), another murderer inside Broadmoor high-security mental hospital.

Aug. 30, 2001 – Sharon Carr and Robbie Layne call off their wedding. They had paid for rings at Argos and were due to marry inside the top-security hospital. Each had read a newspaper report about the wedding that contained details of their crimes and they were so shocked about what the other had done, they split up immediately. Robbie Layne had stabbed and battered his mother at least 29 times and gouged out her eyes with a carpet sweeper handle in 1994, aged 17, in Dulwich, motivated by resentment that his sister was more favored. She had met him at an arranged prison event.

Dec. 10, 2003 – However, subsequent representations were submitted and the Lord Chief Justice again reviewed the tariff and recommended that her tariff be reduced to 12 years.

? – Carr relocated to HMP Bronzefield, female prison outside of Ashford, Middlesex.

2020 – Carr launches a legal challenge against her restricted prisoner status.

Mar. 29, 2020 – Request for change of status, High Court judge Mr Justice Julian Knowles wrote: '[Carr] had disclosed thoughts of wanting to murder another resident by splitting her head open with a flask and throwing her down the stairs to snap her neck.'

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SOURCES

Kim Sengupta, “I was born to be a killer. Every night I see the Devil in my dreams; Girl who stabbed hairdresser to death at the age of 12 is detained at Her Majesty's pleasure,” Independent, Mar. 26, 1997

Lucy Lawrence, “Devil's daughter to wed the mum killer Murderers fall in love in Broadmoor,” Sunday Mirror, Jun. 10, 2001

“Passion Killers; Cons cancel wedding after hearing of each other's evil.” Daily Record (Glasgow, Scotland), Aug. 31, 2001

Jack Newman, “Britain's youngest female murderer – who stabbed a stranger to death aged just 12 –

loses bid to relax her jail regime after fantasizing about killing an inmate.” Daily Mail, Mar. 29, 2020

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Marie Schneider, 12-Year-Old Murderess – 1886, Germany

FULL TEXT: Berlin, July 9. – [. . . ] An atrocious murder was committed here today by a girl of about 12 years. The child coaxed another little girl of about 4 years to the fourth story of a house, robbed the little one of her earrings, and then threw her out of the window. The poor creature was killed by the terrible fall. The youthful murderess confessed her guilt, giving us the reason for the deed that she wanted to possess the little girl’s earrings.

[“A Horrible Murder Committed by a Child of 12. …” The Chicago Tribune (Il.), Jul. 10, 1886, p. 5]

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FULL TEXT: The trial has just concluded at Berlin of a little girl of 12, named Schneider, who was sentenced to eight years’ imprisonment for deliberately and knowingly causing the death of an infant playmate, aged three and a half. The details of the trial were most revolting, and bore out the opinion of an expert in medical jurisprudence that be had never heard of such an instance of human depravity m any criminal so young. Coveting the earrings of her playmate, which she meant to sell for sweetmeats, this little girl Schneider decoyed her victim up several flights of stairs, secured the trinkets, and then pushed their owner out of an open window. Schneider’s answer to the judge on questions of religion, law, morality, death, and life showed that she was perfectly conscious of the nature and consequences of her deliberate crime.

[“A Young Murderess.” Aberdale Times (Wales), Oct. 9, 1886, p. 3]

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FROM: Havelock Ellis, The Criminal, Scribner & Welford, 1890, pp. 7-12

EXCERPT: I will now give, in some detail, the history of a more decisive and significant example of this same moral insensibility. It is in a child, and I take it from German records. Marie Schneider, a school-girl, twelve years of age, was brought before the Berlin Criminal Court in 1886. She was well developed for her age, of ordinary facial expression, not pretty, nor yet ugly. Her head was round, the forehead receding slightly, the nose rather small, the eyes brown and lively, the smooth, rather fair hair combed back.

With an intellectual clearness and precision very remarkable for her age, she answered all the searching questions put by the President of the Court without hesitation or shrinking. There was not the slightest trace of any inner emotion or deep excitement. She spoke in the same quiet equable tone in which a school-girl speaks to her teacher or repeats her lesson. And when the questions put to her became of so serious a character that the judge himself involuntarily altered his voice and tone, the little girl still remained self-possessed, lucid, childlike. She was by no means bold, but she knew that she had to answer as when her teacher spoke to her, and what she said bore the impress of perfect truth, and agreed at every point with the evidence already placed before the court. Her statement was substantially as follows:—

“My name is Marie Schneider. I was born on the 1st of May 1874, in Berlin. My father died long ago, I do not know when; I never knew him. My mother is still living; she is a machinist. I also have a younger brother. I lost a sister a year ago. I did not much like her, because she was better than I, and my mother treated her better. My mother has several times whipped me for naughtiness, and it is right that I should take away the stick with which she beat me, and to beat her. I have gone to school since I was six years old. I have been in the third class for two years. I stayed there from idleness. I have been taught reading, writing, arithmetic, geography, and history, and also religion. I know the ten commandments. I know the sixth: it is, ‘Thou shalt not kill.’ I have some playfellows at school and in the neighbourhood, and I am often with a young lady [believed to be of immoral life] who is twenty years old and lives in the same house. She has told me about her childhood, and that she was just as naughty as I am, and that she struck the teacher who was going to punish her. Some time ago, in playing in the yard, I came behind a child, held his eyes, and asked him who I was. I pressed my thumbs deep in his eyes, so that he cried out and had inflamed eyes. I knew that I hurt him, and, in spite of his crying, I did not let go until I was made to. It did not give me special pleasure, but I have not felt sorry. When I was a little child I have stuck forks in the eyes of rabbits, and afterwards slit open the belly. At least so my mother has often said; I do not remember it. I know that Conrad murdered his wife and children, and that his head was cut off. I have heard my aunt read the newspapers. I am very fond of sweets, and have several times tried to get money to buy myself sweets. I told people the money was for some one else who had no small change. I know that that was deceit. I know too what theft is. Any one who kills is a murderer, and I am a murderess. Murder is punished with death; the murderer is executed; his head is cut off. My head will not be cut off, because I am still too young. On the 7th of July my mother sent me on an errand. Then I met little Margarete Dietrich, who was three and a half years old, and whom I had known since March. I said to her that she must come with me, and I took her hand. I wanted to take away her ear-rings. They were little gold ear-rings with a coloured stone. I did not want the ear-rings for myself, but to sell at a second-hand shop in the neighbourhood, to get money to buy some cakes. When I reached the yard I wanted to go somewhere, and I called to my mother to throw me down the key. She did so, and threw me down some money too, for the errand that I was to go on. I left little Margarete on the stairs, and there I found her again. From the yard I saw that the second-floor window was half open. I went with her up the stairs to the second floor to take away the ear-rings, and then to throw her out of the window. I wanted to kill her, because I was afraid that she would betray me. She could not talk very well, but she could point to me; and if it came out, my mother would have beaten me. I went with her to the window, opened it wide, and set her on the ledge. Then I heard some one coming down. I quickly put the child on the ground and shut the window. The man went by without noticing us. Then I opened the window and put the child on the ledge, with her feet hanging out, and her face turned away from me. I did that because I did not want to look in her face, and because I could push her easier. I pulled the ear-rings out. Grete began to cry because I hurt her. When I threatened to throw her out of the window she became quiet. I took the ear-rings and put them in my pocket. Then I gave the child a shove, and heard her strike the lamp and then the pavement. Then I quickly ran downstairs to go on the errand my mother had sent me. I knew that I should kill the child. I did not reflect that little Grete’s parents would be sorry. It did not hurt me; I was not sorry; I was not sorry all the time I was in prison; I am not sorry now. The next day a policeman came to us and asked if I had thrown the child out of the window. I said no, I knew nothing about it. Then I threw away the ear-rings that I had kept hid; I was afraid they would search my pockets and find them. Then there came another policeman, and I told him the truth, because he said he would box my ears if I did not tell the truth. Then I was taken away, and had to tell people how it happened. I was taken in a cab to the mortuary. I ate a piece of bread they gave me with a good appetite. I saw little Grete’s body, undressed, on a bed. I did not feel any pain and was not sorry. They put me with four women, and I told them the story. I laughed while I was telling it because they asked me such curious questions. I wrote to my mother from prison, and asked her to send me some money to buy some dripping, for we had dry bread.”

That was what little Marie Schneider told the judge, without either hesitation or impudence, in a completely childlike manner, like a school-girl at examination; and she seemed to find a certain satisfaction in being able to answer long questions so nicely. Only once her eyes gleamed, and that was when she told how in the prison they had given her dry bread to eat. The medical officer of the prison, who had watched her carefully, declared that he could find nothing intellectually wrong in her. She was intelligent beyond her years, but had no sense of what she had done, and was morally an idiot. And this was the opinion of the other medical men who were called to examine her. The Court, bearing in mind that she was perfectly able to understand the nature of the action she had committed, condemned Marie Schneider to imprisonment for eight years. The question of heredity was not raised. Nothing is known of the father except that he is dead.

Marie Schneider differs from the previous cases, not merely by her apparent freedom from pathological elements, but by her rational motives and her intelligence. The young French woman intended nothing very serious by her brutal and unfeeling practical jokes. Marie Schneider was as thorough and as relentless in the satisfaction of her personal desires as the Marquise de Brinvilliers. But she was a child, and she would very generally be described as an example of “moral insanity.” It is still necessary to take a further step, although a very slight one, to reach what every one would be willing to accept as an instinctive criminal.

[Havelock Ellis, The Criminal, Scribner & Welford, 1890, pp. 7-12]

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Erna Janoschek, 17-Year-Old Murderess, California, 1928

Note: Reference to Hickman in article: William Edward Hickman, 19, kidnapped 12-year-ols Marian Parker in Los Angeles and ransomed her dismembered body to the parents. He was hanged on December 15, 1927.

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FULL TEXT: Oakland, Calif., July 6. – “The girl Hickman” is the title police here have bestowed on Miss Erna Janoschek, 17-year old high school girl who is being held on charges of first degree murder.

Erna, a rather pretty, intelligent young flapper, strangled to death a year-old baby, Diana Liliencrentz, for whose parents Erna worked as a maid and nurse. She told about it with flip unconcern.

“I strangled the baby because I felt her mother wasn’t supporting me in managing her other child, and because I felt they were working me too hard —

At this point the girl interrupted her explanation to laugh.

“I have to laugh when the impulse comes over me,” she said. “When things like this happen I have to laugh.”

Which remarks help to explain why the police call her “the girl Hickman.”

Some criminologists here see an amazing similarity between, Erna and the young Los Angeles murderer.

Neither in looks nor psychological makeup does either one bear, any outward sign of abnormality or degeneracy. Both were bright students in school, apparently desiring to do creative things. – Erna’s room contained scraps of poetry she had scribbled. Each surrendered abruptly to the impulse to kill, and displayed no remorse or grief afterward.

Dr. and Mrs. Guy Liliencrentz, for whom Erna worked, had gone to San Francisco, where the young doctor, a recent medical college graduate, is a hospital interne. While they were gone Erna calmly called up the police to tell them she had killed the baby.

“I’d rather face the police than Mrs Liliencrentz,” she explained.

She told how she brooded, alone in the house with baby Diana and little Francora, aged 3, over her supposed overwork. Suddenly came the impulse to kill. She did not harm Francora; she was fond of the child. Instead she seized the smaller child from the crib, wrapped a towel about its neck and killed it. Then she summoned the police.

At the police station she told of having had the impulse to kill other children who had been left in her care. Always before, she said, she had overcome it. She insists, however, that a desire to be revenged on Mrs. Liliencrentz was her sole motive in this crime.

[“’Girl Hickman,’ 17, Shows No Grief  After Killing Year Old Baby,” (By NEA Service), The Havre Daily News-Promoter (Mt.), Jul. 6, 1928, p. 1]

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FULL TEXT: Oakland, Sept. 24. – Erna Janoschek, 17-year-old strangler of Baby Diana Liliencrantz heard her crime fixed as first degree murder today and was sentenced to life imprisonment in San Quentin prison. The girl, smartly dressed and apparently unconcerned, smiled when she heard the sentence pronounced. She was tried last week to determine her sanity when she withdrew a plea of not guilty and stood on another plea of not guilty by reason of insanity.

“This was willful premediated murder,” said Superior Judge Fred V.. Wood, “done after reflection, and I do not see how any judge could fix it at second degree murder.

“Even though a jury found her sane,” he continued, “her cold blooded composure while on the witness stand while telling details of the crime showed she is abnormal.”

Baby Diana, year old daughter of Dr. and Mrs. Eric Liliencrantz was strangled by the Janoschek girl June 26 because, she said, “I wanted to get even with the baby’s mother for having been mean to me.”

[“Girl Strangler Sent To Prison For Life,” Santa Cruz News (Ca.), Sep. 24, 1928, p. 1]

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Sep. 12, 1938 – parole denied.

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